{"id":50489,"date":"2025-12-10T09:13:32","date_gmt":"2025-12-10T14:13:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/?p=50489"},"modified":"2025-12-10T09:13:46","modified_gmt":"2025-12-10T14:13:46","slug":"smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton","title":{"rendered":"Smarter Study Strategies Using Cover, Copy, and Compare: Session 318 with Sarah Frampton"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Embed Player\" src=\"https:\/\/play.libsyn.com\/embed\/episode\/id\/39354095\/height\/128\/theme\/modern\/size\/standard\/thumbnail\/yes\/custom-color\/233d61\/time-start\/00:00:00\/playlist-height\/200\/direction\/backward\/download\/yes\/font-color\/FFFFFF\" height=\"128\" width=\"100%\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"true\" mozallowfullscreen=\"true\" oallowfullscreen=\"true\" msallowfullscreen=\"true\" style=\"border: none;\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Listen on: <a href=\"https:\/\/podcasts.apple.com\/us\/podcast\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare\/id1086413253?i=1000740671437\">Apple Podcasts<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/open.spotify.com\/episode\/3knRoiLw02tGwlDtS3ObWZ?si=5MZCiieXTM6n8K4XWE9n0g\">Spotify<\/a> | <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/kVv4nhhXdUU?si=kkbfbCluXRi6-Bh_\">YouTube<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Episode description:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\">In this episode, I sit down with <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Sarah-Frampton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Dr. Sarah Frampton<\/strong><\/a>, who conducts research on, amongst other things, improving how we teach, learn, and organize information using behavior-analytic strategies. We explore her career journey, her research on <strong>graphic organizers<\/strong> and the <strong>Cover, Copy, Compare (CCC)<\/strong> strategy, and the broader implications for <strong>stimulus equivalence<\/strong>, educational technology, and effective teaching.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">In This Episode, You\u2019ll Learn:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">How Sarah\u2019s unconventional path led her from economics and psychology into <strong>Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Why note-taking and structured learning strategies, like <strong>CCC<\/strong>, matter for retaining and applying complex information.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">How <strong>stimulus equivalence<\/strong> principles can enhance learning beyond direct instruction.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Insights from Sarah\u2019s research combining <strong>CCC with graphic organizers<\/strong>, including practical takeaways for educators and learners (see <a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/jaba.70026\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Frampton, Vesely and Jackson, 2025<\/a>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">How visual learning tools and educational technology can improve engagement and retention.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Strategies for training learners to use these approaches independently and effectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Highlights From Our Conversation:<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Sarah\u2019s Path Into ABA<\/strong><br>Sarah shares how a thesis requirement and a Craigslist job posting led her to ABA, including formative experiences working with Dr. Alice Shillingsburg at the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.marcus.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Marcus Autism Center<\/a>. These experiences sparked her interest in <strong>efficient, broadly applicable learning strategies<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Why Note-Taking Strategies Matter<\/strong><br>We discuss the value of <strong>graphic organizers<\/strong> and the <strong>Cover, Copy, Compare (CCC)<\/strong> strategy:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">Graphic organizers visually display relationships between concepts.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">CCC is a structured, active-response method that strengthens memory, similar to flashcards.<br>Sarah emphasizes how behavior-analytic techniques can support higher-order thinking processes often considered \u201ccognitive.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>CCC and Stimulus Equivalence<\/strong><br>Sarah walks through stimulus equivalence with clear examples, showing how teaching certain relations can produce <strong>broader learning without direct instruction<\/strong>. She also highlights a study where CCC and graphic organizers helped learners prepare for tests\u2014even under intentionally challenging conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Graphic Organizers in Action<\/strong><br>Key findings from Sarah\u2019s research:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\">Learners who drew more structured organizers performed better.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Teaching organizer use during test conditions did not hinder performance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">Visualizing relationships among stimuli predicted task success.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Training Learners to Use These Strategies<\/strong><br>Sarah outlines her training sequence, including pre-tests, video instruction, practice with familiar material, and application to abstract stimuli. A core goal was <strong>strategy generalization<\/strong>\u2014ensuring learners could apply CCC to new material independently.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"http:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig-1-Frampton-et-al-2025.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"758\" height=\"784\" src=\"http:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig-1-Frampton-et-al-2025.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50491\" srcset=\"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig-1-Frampton-et-al-2025.png 758w, https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig-1-Frampton-et-al-2025-290x300.png 290w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 758px) 100vw, 758px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fig. 1 from Frampton, et al. (2025)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"http:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig-2-Frampton-et-al-2025.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"420\" height=\"452\" src=\"http:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig-2-Frampton-et-al-2025.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-50492\" srcset=\"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig-2-Frampton-et-al-2025.png 420w, https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Fig-2-Frampton-et-al-2025-279x300.png 279w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 420px) 100vw, 420px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fig. 2 from Frampton, et al. (2025)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Research Findings<\/strong><br>Most participants quickly mastered abstract relations and passed post-tests after brief training. Notably, all participants used the CCC strategy\u2014some even more meticulously than required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Educational Technology, Engagement, and Mediation<\/strong><br>Participants reported the educational technology intervention was <strong>easy to use and helpful<\/strong>, contrasting with high dropout rates in similar studies. Sarah also describes how participants naturally used <strong>private verbal behavior<\/strong>, such as naming stimuli or creating stories, to aid learning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Visual Learning Tools in ABA<\/strong><br>We discuss the broader application of visual supports\u2014graphic organizers, flashcards, handwriting\u2014and their role in enhancing learning efficiency for both adults and children with autism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"\"><strong>Looking Ahead<\/strong><br>Sarah previews her upcoming presentation at the <a href=\"https:\/\/behaviorlive.com\/conferences\/vbc\/home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Verbal Behavior Conference<\/strong><\/a>, covering generative learning and assessment tools. We also explore how <strong>collaboration and community<\/strong> can reduce burnout and increase long-term job satisfaction in ABA in the \"advice for the newly-minted\" segment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Resources &amp; Links<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/downloads\/session-287-bidirectional-naming-with-caio-miguel-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Session 287<\/a>: BiDirectional Naming with Caio Miguel.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/verbal-behavior-and-relational-frame-theory-session-80-with-david-palmer-and-josh-pritchard\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Session 80<\/a>: Verbal Behavior and Relational Frame Theory, with David Palmer and Josh Pritchard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/311552110_A_Preliminary_Procedure_for_Teaching_Children_with_Autism_to_Mand_for_Social_Information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Shillingsburg, et al. (2016)<\/a>. A Preliminary Procedure for Teaching Children with Autism to Mand for Social Information.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/jeab.903\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Frampton and Linehan (2024)<\/a>. The effects of a training package to teach note taking on the formation of equivalence classes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sponsor shoutouts!<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/officepuzzle.com\/bop\/\">Office Puzzle<\/a>: A thriving ABA practice depends on systems that actually support your team, not slow them down. If you\u2019ve struggled with software that\u2019s buggy, hard to navigate, or offers little support when you need it most, you\u2019re not alone. That\u2019s why so many practices are switching to Office Puzzle. Go to <a href=\"https:\/\/officepuzzle.com\/bop\/\">officepuzzle.com\/bop<\/a> to learn more!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/fronterahealth.com\/demo\/\">Frontera<\/a>. Consider taking a <a href=\"https:\/\/fronterahealth.com\/demo\/\">demo<\/a> of Frontera's Assessment Builder and see how the ethical application of AI technologies can help you serve clients and save you time! Your first assessment report is free. And if you use code <strong>BOP25<\/strong> you\u2019ll get an additional five assessments for just $100. So head to <a href=\"https:\/\/fronterahealth.com\">fronterahealth.com<\/a>&nbsp;to check it out!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\">MindBodyBehavior\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/mindbodybehavior.co\/\">Certified Health Coach Program<\/a>. If you\u2019re a BCBA looking to use your ABA skills to help people live healthier lifestyles, learn how to do it the right way, with expert instruction, mentoring, and guidance from Sarah Burby. Better still, podcast listeners can save $$$ by using the code BOP10 at check out. <a href=\"https:\/\/mindbodybehavior.co\/\">Click here<\/a> to learn more!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/behaviorlive.com\/conferences\/Stonesoup2026\/home\">The 2026 Stone Soup Conference!<\/a> This is one of the best values in the online conference space. I'm actually going to be one of the speakers at this year's event, along with a great cast of other characters you're probably familiar with. Save on your registration by using promo code PODCAST26!<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><a href=\"https:\/\/behaviorlive.com\/conferences\/vbc\/home\">The 2026 Verbal Behavior Conference!<\/a> Taking place March 26\u201327, 2026, in Austin, Texas, or livestream and on-demand on BehaviorLive. Presenters will include Drs. Mark Sundberg, Patrick McGreevy, Caio Miguel, Alice Shillingsburg, Sarah Frampton, Andresa De Souza, and Danielle LaFrance will share how Skinner\u2019s analysis of verbal behavior can guide the assessment and treatment of generative learning challenges in children with autism and other developmental disabilities. And don\u2019t miss the special pre-conference workshop on Wednesday, March 25.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Listen on: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube Episode description: In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Sarah Frampton, who conducts research on, amongst other things, improving how we teach, learn, and organize information using behavior-analytic strategies. We explore her career journey, her research on graphic organizers and the Cover, Copy, Compare (CCC) strategy,&#8230;  <a class=\"excerpt-read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton\" title=\"Read Smarter Study Strategies Using Cover, Copy, and Compare: Session 318 with Sarah Frampton\">Read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":50488,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"nf_dc_page":"","ghostkit_customizer_options":"","ghostkit_custom_css":"","ghostkit_custom_js_head":"","ghostkit_custom_js_foot":"","ghostkit_typography":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[750,749,752,751,753],"class_list":["post-50489","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podcasts","tag-cover-copy-compare","tag-sarah-frampton","tag-stimulus-equivalence","tag-study-skills","tag-teaching","page-entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Smarter Study Strategies Using Cover, Copy, and Compare: Session 318 with Sarah Frampton - The Behavioral Observations Podcast<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Smarter Study Strategies Using Cover, Copy, and Compare: Session 318 with Sarah Frampton - The Behavioral Observations Podcast\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Listen on: Apple Podcasts | Spotify | YouTube Episode description: In this episode, I sit down with Dr. Sarah Frampton, who conducts research on, amongst other things, improving how we teach, learn, and organize information using behavior-analytic strategies. We explore her career journey, her research on graphic organizers and the Cover, Copy, Compare (CCC) strategy,... Read more &raquo;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"The Behavioral Observations Podcast\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-10T14:13:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-10T14:13:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/behavioralobservations.com\/be_obs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/S.-318-Cover-Art-1024x1024.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Matt Cicoria\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Matt Cicoria\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Matt Cicoria\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/eb3abef51a3647f610fdf682ec4147b5\"},\"headline\":\"Smarter Study Strategies Using Cover, Copy, and Compare: Session 318 with Sarah Frampton\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-10T14:13:32+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-12-10T14:13:46+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton\"},\"wordCount\":906,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/12\\\/S.-318-Cover-Art.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Cover Copy Compare\",\"Sarah Frampton\",\"Stimulus Equivalence\",\"Study Skills\",\"Teaching\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Podcasts\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/behavioralobservations.com\\\/be_obs\\\/smarter-study-strategies-using-cover-copy-and-compare-session-318-with-sarah-frampton\",\"name\":\"Smarter Study Strategies Using Cover, Copy, and Compare: Session 318 with Sarah Frampton - 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